Progress continues to be made in the restoration of St Mary’s Chapel. The
last blog showed the lower layers of the lime mortar being applied to the walls
and ceiling. Most of the stages to full application went well. However, a
problem was uncovered in the apse area. The walls were too damp to allow the
lime mortar to bind. This was tracked down to faulty pointing on the outside of
the wall. The wall is about a foot thick, and the pointing was only filling the
gaps between stones to a small depth. As a result, the weather had caused
surface damage allowing rain to get into the gaps and permeate right through to
the inside. The only answer was a thorough re-pointing, which was achieved (as
can be seen in the photographs) but there was then a long wait for the water
already in the wall to clear and dry on the inside.
Work underway repointing the outside of the apseThe completed repointing beside the wheelchair ramp
Eventually that was achieved and the last coat of mortar was
added in January. The current appearance is shown in the photographs. All the
mortar is to be painted, but this specialist coating cannot be applied until
the plaster has dried sufficiently. Most is getting near, but not in the apse yet
– and the cold damp winter has not helped!
The north aisle of St Mary’s Chapel showing the new plaster, lights and wood
One of the features of St Mary’s Chapel is the wood
panelling. Most of these were originally the ends of pews dating from the days
when worshippers had to provide their own seating. Having gone to the expense
of building a ‘desk’, people carved the ends to make it clear who owned that
pew. Their positioning on the walls date back to the last restoration of the
Chapel in 1898. Many of these panels had to be removed, initially when there
was an outbreak of dry rot 15 years ago, and others more recently to enable the
lowering of the floor when the wheelchair access was created 5 years ago. Some deterioration
has inevitably occurred over the years, some due to moisture or rot, so the
opportunity has been taken to restore and repair the wood as necessary. There
was also the need for a new piece of woodwork to cover the scarcement in the
north wall. All this work was undertaken in the workshops of our contractors,
North Group, who have produced a really high-quality result. There are a couple
of photographs of this work underway.
A section of the wood panels showing some water damageRepair taking place to the top rail of one of the wood panelsThe new piece of wood to cover the scarcement being created at North Group workshopThe same new wood in place on the north wall of St Mary’s Chapel
The third major undertaking has been a re-wiring of the Chapel. Most of
the cabling is under the plaster – there is a photograph of the early stages in
the previous blog. The main difficulty arose with getting the cables round the
two pillars at either side of the apse where there was no plaster to hide them.
The initial attempt is shown in a photograph and it was agreed that a less
obtrusive, more specialist cable was required. The second photograph shows the
new cable in place – and it is almost hidden. The same cable was also used for
the short section leading into the new light fittings to allow a closer fit to
the ceiling.
The ‘rat’ corbel with the thick white power cableThe ‘rat’ corbel a few weeks later with the new pyro cable in place
St Mary’s Chapel is a building site again as we complete the restoration
of the Chapel begun in 2020. Following creation of the wheelchair access and
related changes, work was paused but started again at the end of April with a
scheduled completion in early November 2024. We will publish a series of Blogs
and videos so that people can see the progress. The main work concerns the
plaster because a gypsum-based plaster had been applied about 50 years
ago. Apart from being unsuitable for a
building of this age, it had also suffered from water ingress before the roof
was replaced more than decade ago. For old buildings, and the Chapel dates back
to about 1450, a lime-based plaster should be used. So the biggest part of this
second phase of the restoration was to replace the existing plaster with a
lime-based one.
When the contract with North Group started in April 2024, the first steps were to protect all the existing features which could not be moved. These included the font, ‘altar’, some carved wood panels, civic pew and choir desk. All the windows and floor were also covered, then the old electric circuits and lights were removed.
Protection being put in place to cover the floor, font (mid distance), civic pew and choir stall (left) (Photo Bill Ross)
Removal of the old plaster was carried out by hand using a hammer and
chisel. This required moveable platforms to gain access, but even so a lot of
the actual work was carried out overhead. It was found that the plaster varied
in thickness, reaching almost 2 inches in places. This was very hard physical work
for the men involved. This work was carried out with an archaeologist present
in case anything of historic interest was uncovered. There were two areas of
particular interest, but nothing definitive was uncovered, although a number of
further ‘mason marks’ were found. These marks were carved into the stone by a
mason as a sign that they had carved it and so could claim pay for doing it.
Once all the plaster was removed, the whole of the exposed walls and vaulting
was recorded photographically for posterity.
Part of old plaster removed exposing the stonework underneath (Photo: Cameron Archaeology)Part of wall with old plaster completely removed (Photo: Cameron Archaeology)
The joints between the uncovered stones were chipped out and re-pointed,
before any new plaster was applied. In places quite extensive work was need to
‘pack’ the joints. Whilst the floor area of the Chapel is not large, the walls
and vaulted ceiling amounts to a significant area. As expected, this work took
quite a long time to complete.
A section of the vaulted ceiling with all the plaster removed and the mortar picked out before re-pointing (Photo: Bill Ross)The vaulted ceiling picked out between the stones and pointing starting to take place (Phot: Bill Ross) Part of the vaulted ceiling with pointing complete – and some new electrical cable waiting to be fixed in place. (Photo: Bill Ross)
The photographs
have been taken at various stages in this initial work. There are also videos
of some of this available via the Tab ‘Videos’.
Due to ongoing building and refurbishment at St Mary’s Chapel at the Kirk of St Nicholas, it is with regret that the OpenSpace Trust is not able to open the doors this year. However please see what is going on behind closed doors by watching this video :-
The third Christmas tree festival is taking place in Drum’s
Aisle, Kirk of St Nicholas, Aberdeen during December. Trees are being decorated
by local schools and a number of organisations in the city. based on a
Christmas carol. If previous years is anything to go by, we are in for some
really innovative and creative work.
The festival will be open on 2nd, 9th and 16th December between 11 am and 2 pm. Tea and coffee will be available. Entry is by the south door – Union Street side of the building.
We are pleased to welcome back the choir of Robert Gordon’s
College to perform some Christmas music for us at about 11.30 on 2nd
December.
Everyone is welcome. We look forward to seeing you.
The photographs were taken at the 2022 festival – a general view and close up to the tree by Somebody Cares on the theme of Good King Wenceslas
Drum’s Aisle during Christmas tree festival 2022‘Good King Wenceslas’ interpreted by Somebody Cares, Aberdeen in 2022
The external ramp described in the previous post gave access to the door into St Mary’s Chapel. However, that was not the only problem because internally there were still three steps going up into the north aisle and then four steps down from the north aisle to the floor level of the central area. The interior of the chapel was last re-ordered in 1898. Prior to that work an architect report prepared in 1895 seemed to indicate that the north aisle floor was at a lower level and that it should be raised during the proposed work. It was concluded, therefore, that there was unlikely to be very much of significance below the paved floor. However, because this is a known archaeological site it was important that there was a ‘watching brief’ from an archaeologist whenever any digging was involved – this also applied to the more limited work outside on the ramp.
The north aisle of St Mary’s Chapel before work started, showing the steps down into the central area.Inside the entrance door. The staircase, just visible to the left, was removed to create an open space for the entrance, toilet and kitchen areas.
When internal work started an early requirement was to move the font. The top and the pedestal parts of the stone font were easily separated and removed for safe keeping (shown in one of the photographs). The base appeared to be made of five separate stones, but they refused to be separated. Since they weighed in the region of 1.5 tons a specialist team was required to move it.
The top of the font and its pedestal safely removed. There was an earlier blog about the enamel panels on the font.The base of the font. Because the stones would not separate it created a problem in moving it.
In general there was very little under the stone floor apart from soil until a greater depth was reached. A few items were found, one artefact being a rather intriguing piece of what appears to be carved stone. Also, at the lowest level a curved channel was uncovered, but what its purpose was is not clear – it is shown in one of the photographs. Also along the north wall, and part of the west wall, below the old floor level there was an irregular scarcement – in effect the wall jutted out like an uneven ledge. The artefacts which were found will be subject to full study and a report will be made in due course.
The mysterious ditch or channel at the lowest level under the old floor.
At the old entrance to the chapel, there was a redundant
staircase going off the entrance lobby. The staircase was removed. This created
sufficient space to not only allow the new entrance corridor, but also on one
side to accommodate an accessible toilet and on the other a small kitchen area.
Both required a new electrical supply. The cables from the existing electric fuse
boxes were run round the apse behind the carved wood panels. Water, which also entered
the building on the south side, was required for both toilet and kitchen.
Fortunately there was a small channel across the apse area which was large enough
to carry the pipe. The drains were connected to the main drain under the paved
area outside the chapel during that phase of the work.
The ‘new’ north aisle with the font back in place and no steps between it and the central area.The font with, in the background, the accessible toilet and new entrance on the right.
As the work started it was hoped that the full restoration
of the chapel could be completed. The additional work would involve temporarily
removing all the 17th century carved wood. The present plaster is
wrong for a building of this age – it is gypsum based – so it will all have to be
removed and replaced with an appropriate material. The electric wiring will be
replaced enabling the lighting to be upgraded to something more appropriate for
the chapel and also the provision of a level of electrical heating. Finally the
carved panels will be replaced and the walls covered with a lime-based plaster
(as it would have been 600 years ago). Unfortunately the funding did not
materialise as expected so it was necessary to pause the work and try to make
the chapel as ‘presentable’ as possible for the time being until the work can
be completed.
The chapel has already been open for visitors on two
Saturdays and will be open again between 10am and 1pm on 30th July
and 13th August, and between 10am and 4pm on 10th
September (part of Doors Open Day). It is available to hire if people are
interested – it has already hosted two meetings.
When internal work started an early requirement was to move
the font. The top and the pedestal parts of the stone font were easily
separated and removed for safe keeping (shown in one of the photographs). The
base appeared to be made of five separate stones, but they refused to be
separated. Since they weighed in the region of 1.5 tons a specialist team was
required to move it. In general there was very little under the stone floor
apart from soil until a greater depth was reached. A few items were found, one
artefact being a rather intriguing piece of what appears to be carved stone.
Also, at the lowest level a curved channel was uncovered, but what its purpose was
is not clear – it is shown in one of the photographs. Also along the north
wall, and part of the west wall, below the old floor level there was an
irregular scarcement – in effect the wall jutted out like an uneven ledge. The
artefacts which were found will be subject to full study and a report will be
made in due course.
At the old entrance to the chapel, there was a redundant
staircase going off the entrance lobby. The staircase was removed. This created
sufficient space to not only allow the new entrance corridor, but also on one
side to accommodate an accessible toilet and on the other a small kitchen area.
Both required a new electrical supply. The cables from the existing electric fuse
boxes were run round the apse behind the carved wood panels. Water, which also entered
the building on the south side, was required for both toilet and kitchen.
Fortunately there was a small channel across the apse area which was large enough
to carry the pipe. The drains were connected to the main drain under the paved
area outside the chapel during that phase of the work.
As the work started it was hoped that the full restoration
of the chapel could be completed. The additional work would involve temporarily
removing all the 17th century carved wood. The present plaster is
wrong for a building of this age – it is gypsum based – so it will all have to be
removed and replaced with an appropriate material. The electric wiring will be
replaced enabling the lighting to be upgraded to something more appropriate for
the chapel and also the provision of a level of electrical heating. Finally the
carved panels will be replaced and the walls covered with a lime-based plaster
(as it would have been 600 years ago). Unfortunately the funding did not
materialise as expected so it was necessary to pause the work and try to make
the chapel as ‘presentable’ as possible for the time being until the work can
be completed.
The chapel has already been open for visitors on two
Saturdays and will be open again between 10am and 1pm on 30th July
and 13th August, and between 10am and 4pm on 10th
September (part of Doors Open Day). It is available to hire if people are
interested – it has already hosted two meetings.
It has long been the ambition of the OpenSpace Trust to
provide wheelchair access to St Mary’s Chapel. However, it was always going to
be difficult to achieve because of the changes of level involved. Externally,
there was a small step by the gate into the Kirkyard, then two steps beside the
path past the chapel entrance, then another two steps up to the entrance door.
Inside there were a further three steps up before reaching the north aisle –
but that was four steps higher than the central space of the chapel. If we add
to that the age of the building, going back to the mid-1400s, it was always going
to be a technically difficult, and therefore expensive, undertaking.
We were fortunate to be awarded money from the Town Centre Fund, administered by Aberdeen City Council, which enabled the external work to be completed. All the Kirkyard is owned by the Council, and the path past St Mary’s leads to a flight of steps up to a higher level of the Kirkyard along the northern side of the building. These steps were in a poor state of repair and the surface of the path leading to them was also quite uneven. As part of the overall work it was agreed with the Council that the steps and path would be upgraded alongside installing the wheelchair ramp. The first photographs show the situation outside the door to the chapel, the path and the steps before work started.
The area immediately outside the entrance to St Mary’s Chapel before work started. The entrance door is top left.
The steps up into the Kirkyard were in an uneven state before work started. The steps to the left led to the Chapel entrance.
The path, steps and retaining walls were lifted. This enabled attention to be given to the drain which runs underneath. New foundations were built for the steps and retaining walls before they were replaced. The same was true with the path, with drainage work installed before it was re-laid on a slight slope to eliminate the previous step up by the gate. The second group of photographs shows some of this work in progress.
The wall for the wheelchair ramp being built. This was in winter so there was a need to protect from frost using the sacking otherwise the mortar would be damaged.Where the main steps and retaining wall used to be.
We were fortunate to be awarded money from the Town Centre
Fund, administered by Aberdeen City Council, which enabled the external work to
be completed. All the Kirkyard is owned by the Council, and the path past St Mary’s
leads to a flight of steps up to a higher level of the Kirkyard along the
northern side of the building. These steps were in a poor state of repair and
the surface of the path leading to them was also quite uneven. As part of the
overall work it was agreed with the Council that the steps and path would be
upgraded alongside installing the wheelchair ramp. The first photographs show
the situation outside the door to the chapel, the path and the steps before
work started.
The path, steps and retaining walls were lifted. This enabled
attention to be given to the drain which runs underneath. New foundations were
built for the steps and retaining walls before they were replaced. The same was
true with the path, with drainage work installed before it was re-laid on a
slight slope to eliminate the previous step up by the gate. The second group of
photographs shows some of this work in progress.
It has long been the ambition of the OpenSpace Trust to
provide wheelchair access to St Mary’s Chapel. However, it was always going to
be difficult to achieve because of the changes of level involved. Externally,
there was a small step by the gate into the Kirkyard, then two steps beside the
path past the chapel entrance, then another two steps up to the entrance door.
Inside there were a further three steps up before reaching the north aisle –
but that was four steps higher than the central space of the chapel. If we add
to that the age of the building, going back to the mid-1400s, it was always going
to be a technically difficult, and therefore expensive, undertaking.
In order to comply with the recommended slopes for wheelchair access a V-shaped ramp was necessary. New granite had to be sourced which would, once weathered, blend with the existing granite of the building. The profile of the coping on these walls reflects shapes higher up the building. Around the entrance door, the old steps were removed and the sill lowered requiring a re-profiling of the doors. The third group of photographs show stages in the building of the ramp and there are some showing the finished external works.
The finished steps up into the Kirkyard and one of the retaining walls rebuilt.Looking down the ‘new’ steps to the repaved area and the wheelchair ramp to the right. The gate is out onto the top of Correction Wynd.
The chapel has already been open for visitors on two
Saturdays and will be open again between 10am and 1pm on 30th July
and 13th August, and between 10am and 4pm on 10th
September (part of Doors Open Day). It is available to hire if people are
interested – it has already hosted two meetings.
After the closure due to the pandemic and then workmen on site, the OpenSpace Trust is pleased to announce that a series of open mornings will take place on the following Saturdays
9th
July between 10 am and 1 pm.
30th
July between 10 am and 1 pm.
13th
August between 10 am and 1 pm.
10th
September between 10 am and 4 pm (part of Doors Open Day)
Entry will be by the new wheelchair accessible door just inside
the Kirkyard (next to the loading bay) at the top of Correction Wynd.
There is no charge, but a donation would be welcomed.
It is also possible now to offer tea/coffee for those who wish to spend a little longer and enjoy the ambience of this special place
Work in progress during creating wheelchair access to St Mary’s Chapel
After forced
closure due to the pandemic and then workmen on site, the OpenSpace Trust is
pleased to announce that the first of a series of open mornings will take place
between
10 – 1 on Saturday 11th June.
Entry will be
by the new wheelchair accessible door just inside the Kirkyard (next to the
loading bay) at the top of Correction Wynd.
There is no
charge, but a donation would be welcomed.
It is also possible
now to offer tea/coffee for those who wish to spend a little longer and enjoy
the ambience of this special place
During autumn 2021, the OpenSpace Trust was approached by Aberdeen City Council to seek help with organising and running a Christmas tree festival for Christmas 2021. We were pleased to agree.
In total 14 different organisations agreed to decorate a
tree. Each was given the name of a carol to ‘inspire’ them – some were more challenging
than others! Great ingenuity was used both in the way the carols were
interpreted but also in the way this was brought to life in the decorations
created. Some were highly topical such as using facemasks to make angels! The
trees were displayed in Drum’s Aisle at the Kirk of St Nicholas on the three
Saturdays in December prior to Christmas. The weather did not cooperate! It was
cold and (very) wet each day, but a good number of people did brave the
elements and many expressed their pleasure and appreciation of the event. For a
‘first try’ it was encouraging and already suggestions for ‘bigger and better’
in 2022 is being talked about.
We have individual photographs of each tree as well as some more
general views (although lighting was rather inadequate for these). Only a
selection of these can be shown here, but our thanks go to everyone who
decorated a tree and who came along to enjoy the results. The following organisations
participated:
Aberdeen City Council
Aberdeen Inspired
Aberdeen Performing Arts
Burgesses of the City of Aberdeen
Disability Equality Partnership
Ferryhill School
Gilcomstoun School
Hanover Street School
OpenSpace Trust
Robert Gordon’s College
Seven Incorporated Trades of Aberdeen
Skene Square School
St Joseph’s RC School
Voluntary Service Aberdeen
We also record our thanks to two other organisations: Aberdeen Inspired who agreed to meet the costs and the General Trustees of the Church of Scotland for making Drum’s Aisle available. Watch out for the Christmas tree festival 2022!